Years of Life Lost (YLL) calculation

Usage

yll(
  Dx,
  type = c("yll", "yll.p", "yll.r", "asyr"),
  age.int = 5,
  Dx_all = NULL,
  pop = NULL,
  w = NULL
)

Arguments

Dx: Array with the number of deaths.
type: Character. Type of YLL to calculate. See details section.
age.int: Numeric. Age interval of Dx. Can be 1 or 5.
Dx_all: Array with the number of all deaths. Used only with yll.p type, where Dx is array with cause-specific deaths.
pop: Array with population. Used only with yll.r and asyr types.
w: Array with population weights for direct standardization. Used only with asyr type.

Value

list with values.

Details

Computes four types of Years of Life Lost (YLL) indicators:

Absolute YLL (type = "yll"): $$YLL_{x,t,c} = D_{x,t,c} \times SLE_x$$ where $x,t,c$ are age, time, and cause respectively, $D_{x,t,c}$ is deaths in age $x$ at time $t$ from cause $c$ and $SLE_x$ is standard life expectancy at age $x$
YLL proportion (type = "yll.p"): $$YLL_{x,t,c}^p = \frac{YLL_{x,t,c}}{YLL_{x,t}}$$ where $YLL_{x,t} = \sum_{c} YLL_{x,t,c}$ (total YLL across causes)
YLL rate (type = "yll.r"): $$YLL_{x,t,c}^r = \left( \frac{YLL_{x,t,c}}{N_{x,t}} \right) \times 100'000$$ where $N_{x,t}$ is population in age group $x$ at time $t$
Age-standardized YLL rate (type = "asyr"): $$ASYR_{t,c} = \sum_{x=\alpha}^{\omega} \left( YLL_{x,t,c}^r \times w_x \right)$$ where $\alpha$ to $\omega$ corresponds to first to last age group, $w_x$ is standard population weight for age $x$.

References

Martinez, R., Soliz, P., Caixeta, R., & Ordunez, P. (2019). Reflection on modern methods: years of life lost due to premature mortality—a versatile and comprehensive measure for monitoring non-communicable disease mortality. International Journal of Epidemiology, 48, 1367–1376.